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WEEK 3 · 3 HOURS
Logical Relationships and Formal Connectors
Focus: Cause · consequence · contrast · purpose
Use although, despite, as a result, therefore and in order to to build formal logical relationships.
Hour 1Input, visual explanation, listening
Hour 2Analysis, dialogue, interactive practice
Hour 3PC challenge, quiz, reflection
HOUR 1 · Input & Critical Comprehension60 MIN
Goal: Understand vocabulary, the visual concept and the listening message before producing academic language.
1A · Vocabulary Lab
Listen to every word. Choose four and create one climate-related sentence for each.
although
aunque
Although change is difficult, it is necessary.
despite
a pesar de
Despite the cost, the project can be beneficial.
as a result
como resultado
Emissions fell; as a result, air quality improved.
therefore
por lo tanto
The evidence is strong; therefore, action is justified.
in order to
con el fin de
Cities plant trees in order to reduce heat.
consequently
en consecuencia
Demand increased; consequently, prices rose.
whereas
mientras que
Solar is renewable, whereas coal is not.
nevertheless
no obstante
The plan is expensive; nevertheless, it may be necessary.
1B · Visual Explanation
Choose the connector by meaning
Identify the relationship first: CAUSE, CONSEQUENCE, CONTRAST or PURPOSE. Then choose a connector that expresses that relationship accurately.
Example 1
Although = contrast or concession.
Example 2
As a result = consequence.
Example 3
In order to = purpose.
1C · Listening First, Transcript Later
Before listening: Predict three academic words you may hear.
Question: Which relationships of contrast, consequence and purpose can you identify?
Although individual actions are important, they cannot replace large-scale policy. Governments can regulate emissions, whereas individuals mainly influence personal consumption. As a result, effective climate action requires cooperation at different levels. Cities may invest in public transport in order to reduce car dependence. Despite the initial cost, these projects can produce long-term benefits.
Hour 1 · Evidence & Submission
HOUR 2 · Analysis & Academic Interaction60 MIN
Goal: Analyze examples, interact with a partner and apply the unit concept through decisions rather than copying.
2A · Guided Dialogues
Listen, perform one dialogue, then replace one example with a climate issue from school, Villavicencio or Colombia.
Dialogue 1
Sara: Why did you use although?
Mateo: Because I wanted to show contrast between two true ideas.
Dialogue 2
Teacher: Can therefore introduce a purpose?
Student: No. It introduces a consequence.
Dialogue 3
Laura: The project is expensive. Nevertheless, it may be necessary.
Daniel: Good. The connector shows contrast without cancelling the first idea.
2B · Interactive Practice
Choose the logical relationship
Choose the best category. Then check your result before continuing.
2C · Pair Analysis & Submission
HOUR 3 · PC Challenge, Assessment & Reflection60 MIN
Goal: Apply the concept to a climate-action problem, complete the unit assessment and identify the next learning goal.
